The Fugal Limit

Today’s post is the welcome B major P&F no. 23 after yesterday’s slog through no. 22.  The delightful and easily understandable Prelude is followed by the fugue’s wild subject — the craziest I can recall JSB writing.  It seems he was investigating the limits of a fugue’s subject for development.  This subject, marked in the score above, stretches an octave, outlines an unusually complex harmony, and bounces within the octave like a hyper two-year-old.  The result is that when new statements of the subject come up against countersubjects, they cross each other repeatedly, and before the fourth voice is introduced you already have a real puzzle on your hands.  Which note goes with which line?   What happened to the subject?  And which note am I supposed to be holding for a duration?  Reading through this will keep your mind off the unpleasant subjects which seem to fill the corners of modern life;  mastering it would be a serious task.